Ideal

Posterior View

• Medial borders are same distance from spine (5 cm, Kendall)
• Medial borders are parallel to spine
• Scapula is held firmly to the rib cage
• Scapula is rotated 30° anteriorly to the frontal plane

Lateral View

• Middle of the acromionprocess is on the plumb line
• Scapula is held firmly to the rib cage

You See

• Thoracic spine is in extension
• “At attention” posture
• Medial border is closer to mid line (if medial border is not parallel to spine, scapulae might also be in upward or downward rotation)

Cause

• Short scapular retractors and/or long scapular protractors
• Short shoulder lateral rotators
• Short (thoracic) spine extensors